1 00:00:03,689 --> 00:00:04,689 Where's Adam direct to? 2 00:00:06,689 --> 00:00:07,827 My God, he's flying north. 3 00:00:09,758 --> 00:00:12,379 A Boeing 737 is badly off course. 4 00:00:16,275 --> 00:00:18,689 Adam 574, confirm our position please. 5 00:00:18,793 --> 00:00:21,379 The crew struggles to get the plane back on track. 6 00:00:21,482 --> 00:00:23,172 This is crazy! 7 00:00:23,275 --> 00:00:25,034 They're lost in a violent storm... 8 00:00:26,655 --> 00:00:29,103 when their plane starts rolling over. 9 00:00:29,206 --> 00:00:31,586 Pull up! Pull up! 10 00:00:34,551 --> 00:00:36,965 The lives of 102 people are at risk. 11 00:00:38,620 --> 00:00:41,586 Adam 574, Ujung control. 12 00:00:41,689 --> 00:00:44,793 Then, mysteriously, Adam Air Flight 574 13 00:00:44,896 --> 00:00:46,137 disappears without a trace. 14 00:00:52,413 --> 00:00:53,551 Mayday! Mayday! 15 00:01:18,137 --> 00:01:20,310 January the 1st, 2007. 16 00:01:21,034 --> 00:01:22,620 Surabaya, Indonesia. 17 00:01:25,620 --> 00:01:27,103 It's New Year's Day. 18 00:01:27,206 --> 00:01:29,379 There are celebrations throughout the country. 19 00:01:33,827 --> 00:01:35,551 Surabaya's airport is bustling. 20 00:01:40,137 --> 00:01:41,965 And not just because of the holidays. 21 00:01:43,517 --> 00:01:46,724 Indonesia is experiencing a boom of budget airlines. 22 00:01:49,379 --> 00:01:51,620 Many people are taking advantage of the cheaper fares. 23 00:01:54,689 --> 00:01:56,379 For the average Indonesian, 24 00:01:56,482 --> 00:01:59,862 it meant that the explosion of low cost carriers 25 00:01:59,965 --> 00:02:01,517 made it much more possible 26 00:02:01,620 --> 00:02:03,103 to actually get on a plane and fly. 27 00:02:07,034 --> 00:02:09,586 One of those new airlines is Adam Air. 28 00:02:13,034 --> 00:02:15,620 Good afternoon, Departure. This is Adam 574. 29 00:02:15,724 --> 00:02:18,517 Adam 574, this is Ground Control. Go ahead. 30 00:02:19,689 --> 00:02:21,793 Adam Air was successful because it provided 31 00:02:21,896 --> 00:02:23,931 a fresh image to the industry. 32 00:02:24,034 --> 00:02:26,172 I mean, they came in with, you know, bright colors. 33 00:02:26,275 --> 00:02:28,965 Their airplanes were painted in fantastic orange. 34 00:02:29,793 --> 00:02:32,931 The crew was in flashy uniforms, 35 00:02:33,034 --> 00:02:35,482 you know, they had everything right going for them. 36 00:02:42,482 --> 00:02:43,965 Captain Refri Widodo 37 00:02:44,068 --> 00:02:46,344 has been flying with Adam Air for six months. 38 00:02:47,931 --> 00:02:50,379 Today, he's in command of Flight 574, 39 00:02:50,482 --> 00:02:52,206 a short domestic flight. 40 00:02:54,206 --> 00:02:57,068 His co-pilot, Yoga Susanto, has been with the airline 41 00:02:57,172 --> 00:02:58,862 for almost a year and a half. 42 00:03:01,896 --> 00:03:04,655 Before the discount travel boom, many passengers 43 00:03:04,758 --> 00:03:06,482 wouldn't have been able to afford this flight. 44 00:03:09,586 --> 00:03:11,448 More and more people were able to fly, 45 00:03:11,551 --> 00:03:13,000 could afford the tickets. 46 00:03:13,103 --> 00:03:17,034 And they didn't care too much about... 47 00:03:17,137 --> 00:03:19,275 the services offered simply because they just were 48 00:03:19,379 --> 00:03:21,965 intent on getting from point A to point B as cheaply as possible. 49 00:03:28,551 --> 00:03:30,379 There are 96 passengers 50 00:03:30,482 --> 00:03:32,344 and six crew members on today's flight. 51 00:03:40,689 --> 00:03:41,896 Controllers at the airport 52 00:03:42,000 --> 00:03:43,689 are busy juggling planes. 53 00:03:45,103 --> 00:03:47,103 Adam 574 is cleared for takeoff. 54 00:03:50,448 --> 00:03:52,344 - Eighty knots. - Check. 55 00:03:54,655 --> 00:03:55,482 V1. 56 00:03:57,103 --> 00:03:58,000 Rotate. 57 00:04:12,655 --> 00:04:15,344 Today's flight is a routine two-hour hop... 58 00:04:17,724 --> 00:04:20,310 from Surabaya, on the island of Java, 59 00:04:20,413 --> 00:04:22,517 to Manado on the island of Sulawesi, 60 00:04:22,620 --> 00:04:25,206 almost 1700 km northeast. 61 00:04:28,275 --> 00:04:30,137 It's the beginning of the rainy season. 62 00:04:31,068 --> 00:04:32,758 The weather is unpredictable. 63 00:04:34,448 --> 00:04:37,000 Forecasters are expecting fierce storms. 64 00:04:39,793 --> 00:04:41,310 Captain Widodo is aware 65 00:04:41,413 --> 00:04:43,068 that there may be bad weather ahead. 66 00:04:46,344 --> 00:04:50,000 Turn right direct to Fando and climb to flight level three-three-zero. 67 00:04:50,103 --> 00:04:51,724 Roger, turn right direct to Fando 68 00:04:51,827 --> 00:04:54,413 and climb to flight level three-three-zero. 69 00:04:54,517 --> 00:04:55,965 Adam 574. 70 00:04:58,103 --> 00:05:01,310 Minutes after takeoff, the crew turns on the autopilot. 71 00:05:03,862 --> 00:05:05,827 The flight computer will fly the plane 72 00:05:05,931 --> 00:05:08,931 and navigate it along a preplanned route to Manado. 73 00:05:28,793 --> 00:05:31,344 Now passing flight level two-two-zero, 74 00:05:31,448 --> 00:05:33,448 climbing to flight level three-three-zero. 75 00:05:34,931 --> 00:05:38,103 Roger, Adam 574. Track direct to DIOLA. 76 00:05:38,206 --> 00:05:41,068 Confirmed. Tracking direct to DIOLA, Adam 574. 77 00:05:42,724 --> 00:05:45,275 22,000 feet below, 78 00:05:45,379 --> 00:05:48,724 air traffic controllers track the flight's progress on radar, 79 00:05:48,827 --> 00:05:50,620 and confirm that it's on course. 80 00:05:55,000 --> 00:05:57,862 The plane is beginning to experience some turbulence. 81 00:06:02,896 --> 00:06:04,620 Less than half an hour into the flight, 82 00:06:04,724 --> 00:06:07,793 Air Traffic Controllers notice something out of the ordinary. 83 00:06:09,551 --> 00:06:10,689 Where's Adam direct to? 84 00:06:14,586 --> 00:06:15,758 My God, he's flying north. 85 00:06:19,241 --> 00:06:22,551 Flight 574 has flown off-course 86 00:06:22,655 --> 00:06:24,275 heading into a violent storm. 87 00:06:28,689 --> 00:06:31,000 Air traffic controllers don't know why. 88 00:06:32,137 --> 00:06:34,448 Yes. Mm-hmm. 89 00:06:34,551 --> 00:06:37,172 Onboard the plane, the pilots try to understand 90 00:06:37,275 --> 00:06:39,275 how far they have drifted off-course. 91 00:06:39,931 --> 00:06:41,034 The IRS. 92 00:06:42,517 --> 00:06:43,758 Twenty-eight is the difference. 93 00:06:45,620 --> 00:06:47,103 And try to fix the problem 94 00:06:47,206 --> 00:06:49,827 with the computerized system that handles navigation. 95 00:06:55,862 --> 00:06:56,655 Fasten your seat belt. 96 00:07:00,517 --> 00:07:02,000 May I have your attention. 97 00:07:02,103 --> 00:07:04,068 This is your Captain speaking. 98 00:07:04,172 --> 00:07:06,275 We are about to experience some turbulence. 99 00:07:08,275 --> 00:07:10,655 Could all the passengers return to their seats? 100 00:07:15,172 --> 00:07:17,137 Controllers on the ground try to get 101 00:07:17,241 --> 00:07:19,482 Flight 574 back on course, 102 00:07:19,586 --> 00:07:23,620 giving them directions to their next assigned waypoint called DIOLA. 103 00:07:23,724 --> 00:07:24,931 Adam Air 574, 104 00:07:25,034 --> 00:07:28,586 maintain three-five-zero direct to DIOLA. 105 00:07:28,689 --> 00:07:30,655 Confirmed, flight level three-five-zero 106 00:07:30,758 --> 00:07:32,482 direct to DIOLA, Adam 574. 107 00:07:39,448 --> 00:07:40,344 But to get there, 108 00:07:40,448 --> 00:07:43,862 Flight 574 must pass through a severe storm. 109 00:07:48,655 --> 00:07:51,448 One hundred and thirty-seven kilometer an hour winds 110 00:07:51,551 --> 00:07:53,241 beat on the plane's hull. 111 00:07:53,344 --> 00:07:55,551 It's pounded by hail and rain. 112 00:07:58,931 --> 00:08:00,827 The weather is making it hard to see. 113 00:08:04,793 --> 00:08:07,758 The crew is not just concerned with the weather. 114 00:08:07,862 --> 00:08:09,965 They're still also trying to understand the problem 115 00:08:10,068 --> 00:08:11,586 with the plane's navigation system. 116 00:08:12,724 --> 00:08:14,103 This is messed up. 117 00:08:14,206 --> 00:08:17,517 Getting lost over the ocean is everyone's worry. 118 00:08:17,620 --> 00:08:20,379 Because when you lose your navigational instruments 119 00:08:20,482 --> 00:08:22,413 or you lose trust of your navigation instruments, 120 00:08:22,517 --> 00:08:23,448 what do you do? 121 00:08:25,862 --> 00:08:28,827 Co-pilot Susanto consults the aircraft's handbook. 122 00:08:31,586 --> 00:08:33,137 It's starting to fly like a bamboo ship. 123 00:08:35,172 --> 00:08:37,862 Captain Widodo doesn't know where he is. 124 00:08:37,965 --> 00:08:39,379 He needs directions. 125 00:08:39,482 --> 00:08:41,068 Confirm our position. 126 00:08:41,172 --> 00:08:43,206 Adam 574, confirm our position please. 127 00:08:43,310 --> 00:08:44,689 Roger, Adam 574, 128 00:08:44,793 --> 00:08:46,965 position is one-two-five miles, 129 00:08:47,068 --> 00:08:48,448 Mike Kilo Sierra, 130 00:08:48,551 --> 00:08:49,965 crossing radial three-zero-seven 131 00:08:50,655 --> 00:08:52,000 Mike Kilo Sierra. 132 00:08:53,551 --> 00:08:54,862 The weather in Mike Kilo Sierra isn't good. 133 00:08:56,724 --> 00:08:58,206 The storm is growing worse. 134 00:09:00,413 --> 00:09:02,275 This is crazy. 135 00:09:02,379 --> 00:09:03,931 We're going to get lost if it stays like this. 136 00:09:07,724 --> 00:09:09,517 Captain Widodo wants to take over 137 00:09:09,620 --> 00:09:11,931 navigation of the plane from the flight computer. 138 00:09:13,965 --> 00:09:15,655 Okay. Put the IRS on attitude. 139 00:09:24,724 --> 00:09:26,068 But suddenly, a warning. 140 00:09:27,620 --> 00:09:29,896 The autopilot has disengaged completely. 141 00:09:33,862 --> 00:09:36,172 Then, many of Susanto's computerized instruments 142 00:09:36,275 --> 00:09:37,103 go blank. 143 00:09:44,241 --> 00:09:46,724 The crew doesn't notice that their plane is rolling over. 144 00:09:50,103 --> 00:09:53,310 Flight 574 is banking at a dangerous angle. 145 00:09:54,551 --> 00:09:56,000 Okay, enter this. 146 00:09:56,103 --> 00:09:58,344 Bank angle! Bank angle! 147 00:09:58,931 --> 00:09:59,931 Bank angle! 148 00:10:01,206 --> 00:10:02,896 If it rolls too far over, 149 00:10:03,000 --> 00:10:06,275 it would send the plane and the 102 people on board 150 00:10:06,379 --> 00:10:08,275 into a fatal downward spiral. 151 00:10:10,862 --> 00:10:13,103 Okay, put it back on Nav again. 152 00:10:13,206 --> 00:10:14,344 Put it back on Nav again! 153 00:10:16,034 --> 00:10:17,724 Put it on Nav again! 154 00:10:17,827 --> 00:10:19,482 Captain Widodo wants to reengage 155 00:10:19,586 --> 00:10:21,517 the flight computer's navigation system. 156 00:10:26,068 --> 00:10:27,620 The plane is still rolling, 157 00:10:27,724 --> 00:10:30,172 and now its nose has started to point downward. 158 00:10:33,172 --> 00:10:34,862 Sink rate! 159 00:10:34,965 --> 00:10:38,137 Another alarm tells the pilots that they are entering a steep descent. 160 00:10:38,241 --> 00:10:40,206 Don't turn it. This is our heading! 161 00:10:40,310 --> 00:10:41,551 - Pull up! - Go up. 162 00:10:42,310 --> 00:10:44,137 - Pull up! - Go up. 163 00:10:49,517 --> 00:10:52,206 Adam 574, Ujung Control. 164 00:10:54,172 --> 00:10:56,206 Adam 574, Ujung Control. 165 00:10:57,862 --> 00:11:01,931 Adam 574, radar service terminated. 166 00:11:02,034 --> 00:11:05,586 Please contact Ujung Control at one-two-eight decimal one. 167 00:11:07,655 --> 00:11:11,655 Inexplicably, Flight 574 has disappeared. 168 00:11:16,379 --> 00:11:20,482 News of Adam Air Flight 574's disappearance spreads quickly. 169 00:11:21,896 --> 00:11:23,896 The Indonesian government starts mobilizing 170 00:11:24,000 --> 00:11:25,896 search and rescue teams to find it. 171 00:11:28,206 --> 00:11:29,965 First Air Marshal Eddy Suyanto 172 00:11:30,068 --> 00:11:32,103 will coordinate the search and rescue. 173 00:11:36,275 --> 00:11:38,758 On the 1st of January, 2007, 174 00:11:38,862 --> 00:11:41,103 I received a verbal notification 175 00:11:41,206 --> 00:11:43,965 from the Vice Assistant Operation Head of Air Force 176 00:11:44,068 --> 00:11:46,517 that Adam Air had not landed in Manado. 177 00:11:50,965 --> 00:11:53,793 Indonesia's National Transportation Safety Committee, 178 00:11:53,896 --> 00:11:56,206 or NTSC, is also notified. 179 00:12:00,620 --> 00:12:02,241 The NTSC is responsible 180 00:12:02,344 --> 00:12:04,965 for finding out what went wrong in any plane crash. 181 00:12:06,551 --> 00:12:10,655 Frans Wenas is in charge of investigating Adam Air 574. 182 00:12:12,172 --> 00:12:16,068 The first steps that we take when there was an accident 183 00:12:16,172 --> 00:12:17,758 or serious incident... 184 00:12:19,103 --> 00:12:22,793 we will find all the resources that we have 185 00:12:22,896 --> 00:12:24,965 and get the team together 186 00:12:25,068 --> 00:12:27,586 before we dispatch to the area. 187 00:12:30,275 --> 00:12:31,965 Working with air traffic control, 188 00:12:32,068 --> 00:12:33,793 the searchers try to pinpoint 189 00:12:33,896 --> 00:12:36,551 the last recorded location of Flight 574. 190 00:12:41,379 --> 00:12:42,827 I received the report 191 00:12:42,931 --> 00:12:46,000 that Adam Air was lost from the radar 192 00:12:46,103 --> 00:12:47,413 in the Majene Sea. 193 00:12:50,275 --> 00:12:52,241 The plane was last detected by radar 194 00:12:52,344 --> 00:12:54,586 as it was crossing the sea, 195 00:12:54,689 --> 00:12:57,172 about halfway through its intended journey. 196 00:12:59,241 --> 00:13:01,517 Okay. So... 197 00:13:01,620 --> 00:13:04,172 right around here. 198 00:13:08,862 --> 00:13:10,310 But the plane could have flown 199 00:13:10,413 --> 00:13:13,931 hundreds of kilometers after that signal was received. 200 00:13:14,034 --> 00:13:16,896 It's impossible to pinpoint the exact location. 201 00:13:18,206 --> 00:13:19,551 When the aircraft went missing, 202 00:13:19,655 --> 00:13:22,310 it was a bit of a shock for everybody 203 00:13:22,413 --> 00:13:25,034 because in this day and age, nobody expects an aircraft to go missing. 204 00:13:26,344 --> 00:13:28,275 Without a specific location, 205 00:13:28,379 --> 00:13:31,586 searchers try to figure out how large an area to scan. 206 00:13:32,793 --> 00:13:35,241 Since they know how much fuel was on board, 207 00:13:35,344 --> 00:13:36,965 investigators can calculate 208 00:13:37,068 --> 00:13:38,482 how far the plane could have flown 209 00:13:38,586 --> 00:13:40,172 since it was last detected. 210 00:13:40,275 --> 00:13:43,310 If this is the last radar hit... 211 00:13:43,413 --> 00:13:46,931 they didn't have enough fuel to fly any further than this. 212 00:13:47,034 --> 00:13:47,896 Hmm. 213 00:13:48,862 --> 00:13:50,310 More than 3,000 people 214 00:13:50,413 --> 00:13:52,000 are sent out to look for the plane. 215 00:13:54,517 --> 00:13:56,862 The Indonesians are joined by a US Navy vessel. 216 00:14:00,517 --> 00:14:03,620 But the area they have to search is the size of Ireland. 217 00:14:05,586 --> 00:14:06,620 The teams don't even know 218 00:14:06,724 --> 00:14:09,758 whether to look on land or on water. 219 00:14:09,862 --> 00:14:12,655 And as long as there was no definitive word, 220 00:14:12,758 --> 00:14:14,862 hope remained. 221 00:14:14,965 --> 00:14:17,862 Twelve hours pass without any confirmed sightings. 222 00:14:20,931 --> 00:14:22,724 And then, friends and relatives' hopes 223 00:14:22,827 --> 00:14:25,586 are raised with news that survivors have been found. 224 00:14:30,034 --> 00:14:31,896 A new report came in 225 00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:34,551 saying that they had found the Adam Air wreckage 226 00:14:34,655 --> 00:14:37,862 in the mountainous area of Polewali. 227 00:14:37,965 --> 00:14:42,310 With 100 victims and 12 survivors still alive. 228 00:14:47,896 --> 00:14:50,482 Rescue teams hurry to the island of Sulawesi, 229 00:14:50,586 --> 00:14:53,034 hoping to return survivors to their families. 230 00:14:55,137 --> 00:14:56,379 They also hoped to discover 231 00:14:56,482 --> 00:14:57,793 what went wrong on board the plane. 232 00:15:02,586 --> 00:15:05,689 When news broke that some people might have survived the crash, 233 00:15:05,793 --> 00:15:07,931 the already incredibly stressed 234 00:15:08,034 --> 00:15:11,000 and emotional families of the survivors 235 00:15:11,103 --> 00:15:12,965 thought, "Whoa, maybe there is a chance. 236 00:15:13,068 --> 00:15:16,896 "Maybe my wife, cousin, husband, brother, has survived." 237 00:15:29,827 --> 00:15:32,379 But when the first officials get there, 238 00:15:32,482 --> 00:15:35,551 they find that these survivors are not from the flight at all. 239 00:15:38,310 --> 00:15:39,931 They were ferry survivors 240 00:15:41,172 --> 00:15:42,551 not airplane survivors. 241 00:15:44,862 --> 00:15:47,068 They're from a ship that sank in another storm 242 00:15:47,172 --> 00:15:50,241 near where Flight 574 is thought to have crashed. 243 00:15:52,310 --> 00:15:54,241 Now the rescue teams are back to square one. 244 00:15:55,862 --> 00:15:57,413 It let people's hopes up. 245 00:15:57,517 --> 00:15:59,379 And people flocked to Makassar 246 00:15:59,482 --> 00:16:02,206 and they were finding ways how to get to the crash site, 247 00:16:02,310 --> 00:16:03,241 only to find that it's not there. 248 00:16:05,137 --> 00:16:08,103 For family members, it's a bitter disappointment. 249 00:16:13,103 --> 00:16:15,448 We were ashamed because the information 250 00:16:15,551 --> 00:16:19,793 was already spread all over before we verified it. 251 00:16:19,896 --> 00:16:21,724 Our government was embarrassed 252 00:16:21,827 --> 00:16:24,137 that we publicized that information. 253 00:16:28,241 --> 00:16:29,862 It's been a week since the crash. 254 00:16:35,172 --> 00:16:36,275 With each passing day, 255 00:16:36,379 --> 00:16:39,103 the chance of finding any survivors grows smaller. 256 00:16:40,482 --> 00:16:41,724 There was still no clear picture 257 00:16:41,827 --> 00:16:43,965 of exactly where the plane had crashed 258 00:16:44,068 --> 00:16:46,275 and how it had gone down and why it had gone down. 259 00:16:49,620 --> 00:16:51,310 Wenas needs to locate the wreckage 260 00:16:51,413 --> 00:16:52,620 as soon as possible. 261 00:16:55,206 --> 00:16:57,448 Most of all, he needs the two black boxes 262 00:16:57,551 --> 00:17:00,689 that record conversations in the cockpit and flight data. 263 00:17:02,448 --> 00:17:04,517 There are beacons attached to the boxes, 264 00:17:05,689 --> 00:17:07,931 but they only have a 30-day battery life. 265 00:17:12,310 --> 00:17:16,482 Nine days after the crash of Adam Air Flight 574, 266 00:17:16,586 --> 00:17:20,000 a fisherman finds what he thinks might be part of an airplane, 267 00:17:20,103 --> 00:17:22,793 300 meters off the coast of Sulawesi. 268 00:17:25,793 --> 00:17:29,103 The piece is taken to an Indonesian Air Force base for analysis. 269 00:17:31,344 --> 00:17:33,413 Frans Wenas quickly identifies 270 00:17:33,517 --> 00:17:35,275 that it is part of a right elevator. 271 00:17:37,482 --> 00:17:41,206 He examines it to see if it belongs to Adam Air 574. 272 00:17:43,655 --> 00:17:45,551 We checked with the serial numbers, 273 00:17:45,655 --> 00:17:47,965 we checked with the part numbers... 274 00:17:48,068 --> 00:17:49,586 The numbers match. 275 00:17:49,689 --> 00:17:53,620 So we are definitely sure that it is from the aircraft. 276 00:17:53,724 --> 00:17:57,758 The finding confirms that Flight 574 crashed at sea. 277 00:17:57,862 --> 00:17:59,310 The team can now narrow down 278 00:17:59,413 --> 00:18:02,103 its search to the area where the elevator was found. 279 00:18:04,620 --> 00:18:07,586 Since the accident involves an American-made plane, 280 00:18:07,689 --> 00:18:09,965 the US National Transportation Safety Board 281 00:18:10,068 --> 00:18:11,344 joins the investigation. 282 00:18:13,827 --> 00:18:15,689 And they send structural engineer 283 00:18:15,793 --> 00:18:17,758 Clint Crookshanks to Indonesia. 284 00:18:19,793 --> 00:18:22,137 We started working with the NTSC to... 285 00:18:22,241 --> 00:18:24,344 to look at radar data, uh, 286 00:18:24,448 --> 00:18:27,034 air traffic transmissions, weather data, 287 00:18:27,137 --> 00:18:28,896 trying to bring all that information together 288 00:18:29,000 --> 00:18:31,034 to find the airplane. 289 00:18:31,137 --> 00:18:32,931 The water that investigators plan 290 00:18:33,034 --> 00:18:36,586 to search for wreckage is 6,500 feet deep. 291 00:18:36,689 --> 00:18:38,655 Much too deep to send down divers. 292 00:18:38,758 --> 00:18:42,000 It was quite deep water, deeper than, uh, 293 00:18:42,103 --> 00:18:44,551 than we're normally used to recovering airplanes from. 294 00:18:49,379 --> 00:18:51,482 The Indonesian government wants Adam Air 295 00:18:51,586 --> 00:18:53,310 to pay for the salvage operation. 296 00:18:55,793 --> 00:18:58,586 Investigators meet with representatives of the airline. 297 00:18:59,896 --> 00:19:02,655 It is going to be expensive. 298 00:19:02,758 --> 00:19:06,724 We need to hire contractors to go down that far. 299 00:19:06,827 --> 00:19:10,827 Adam Air felt that its responsibility only went so far. 300 00:19:10,931 --> 00:19:12,689 The government and most of public opinion 301 00:19:12,793 --> 00:19:14,413 believe that Adam Air's responsibility 302 00:19:14,517 --> 00:19:16,206 was actually almost total, 303 00:19:16,310 --> 00:19:18,413 because they were the owners of the airline. 304 00:19:20,862 --> 00:19:23,793 The airline refuses to pay for the salvage, 305 00:19:23,896 --> 00:19:25,482 triggering a lengthy negotiation. 306 00:19:29,586 --> 00:19:31,793 This is not good news for Frans Wenas. 307 00:19:33,586 --> 00:19:35,103 Unless someone puts up the money 308 00:19:35,206 --> 00:19:37,448 to search the seabed for wreckage, 309 00:19:37,551 --> 00:19:40,758 the mystery of Flight 574 will not be solved. 310 00:19:44,310 --> 00:19:46,965 It is also a blow to the families of the victims. 311 00:19:48,482 --> 00:19:50,206 The families obviously wanted to know 312 00:19:50,310 --> 00:19:52,103 what had happened to their loved ones. 313 00:19:52,206 --> 00:19:54,793 And they did want the government and Adam Air to combine 314 00:19:54,896 --> 00:19:58,965 to get the flight data recorders out of the water. 315 00:19:59,068 --> 00:20:02,655 As the investigation stalls, public anger grows. 316 00:20:04,758 --> 00:20:06,931 People were becoming more and more critical 317 00:20:07,034 --> 00:20:10,310 of Adam Air and the way it was being run. 318 00:20:10,413 --> 00:20:13,000 But then, after seven months of negotiating... 319 00:20:13,896 --> 00:20:15,137 This is good news. 320 00:20:16,068 --> 00:20:17,379 Thank you. 321 00:20:17,482 --> 00:20:20,000 ...Adam Air agrees to help pay for the salvage. 322 00:20:22,620 --> 00:20:24,275 Phoenix International, 323 00:20:24,379 --> 00:20:27,413 an American company specializing in deep-water salvage, 324 00:20:27,517 --> 00:20:29,275 starts the operation on August the 24th. 325 00:20:32,172 --> 00:20:35,000 But the time they've lost has had a serious consequence. 326 00:20:37,034 --> 00:20:40,482 Although they have a fix on the location of the crash, 327 00:20:40,586 --> 00:20:43,379 the locator beacons attached to the black boxes 328 00:20:43,482 --> 00:20:44,862 have gone dead. 329 00:20:44,965 --> 00:20:47,137 If the black boxes are not found, 330 00:20:47,241 --> 00:20:49,034 it will be a mystery until today. 331 00:20:51,655 --> 00:20:54,758 Without the beacon, finding two small boxes 332 00:20:54,862 --> 00:20:57,137 among the wreckage will be a huge challenge. 333 00:21:02,310 --> 00:21:03,862 To make matters worse, 334 00:21:03,965 --> 00:21:07,000 Adam Air has only put up enough money for one week of searching. 335 00:21:08,551 --> 00:21:10,206 So it was like, "Go out there. 336 00:21:10,310 --> 00:21:11,896 "If you don't find anything in seven days, you're done." 337 00:21:13,758 --> 00:21:15,965 After locating debris with sonar, 338 00:21:16,068 --> 00:21:18,068 an unmanned, remote controlled submarine 339 00:21:18,172 --> 00:21:20,310 is sent down to look for the black boxes. 340 00:21:27,689 --> 00:21:29,344 All right. How are we doing? 341 00:21:29,448 --> 00:21:32,068 We dove on one location first. 342 00:21:32,172 --> 00:21:35,000 We got to that GPS location. There was nothing there. 343 00:21:36,275 --> 00:21:37,689 Pull up quadrant three. 344 00:21:40,517 --> 00:21:44,310 So we sat down and decided we'd do a grid search about that point. 345 00:21:44,413 --> 00:21:46,000 And so we did a very methodical search. 346 00:21:49,137 --> 00:21:50,482 Okay, three degrees. 347 00:21:52,517 --> 00:21:55,068 All right. Slow, slow. 348 00:22:00,344 --> 00:22:01,724 We're coming up on somethin'. 349 00:22:04,068 --> 00:22:08,862 We started picking up small, lightweight pieces of airplane wreckage. 350 00:22:08,965 --> 00:22:12,344 Things like life vests, seat trays, 351 00:22:12,448 --> 00:22:14,413 uh, light bits of metal. 352 00:22:15,655 --> 00:22:17,931 Oh, my God. This is it. 353 00:22:18,034 --> 00:22:20,689 Investigators get their first look at the wreckage. 354 00:22:24,586 --> 00:22:26,241 This plane is ripped apart. 355 00:22:28,448 --> 00:22:30,000 The state of the wreckage illustrates 356 00:22:30,103 --> 00:22:32,551 just how violent this plane crash was. 357 00:22:34,310 --> 00:22:36,689 The little pieces of wreckage didn't tell us anything 358 00:22:36,793 --> 00:22:38,620 about the cause of the crash. 359 00:22:38,724 --> 00:22:41,551 They did tell us, however, that the airplane hit the water 360 00:22:41,655 --> 00:22:42,724 at a very high rate of speed. 361 00:22:46,724 --> 00:22:50,758 This was the most fragmented airplane that I have ever seen. 362 00:22:50,862 --> 00:22:52,655 Only two days into the operation, 363 00:22:52,758 --> 00:22:54,586 Crookshanks spots something. 364 00:22:54,689 --> 00:22:57,862 All right. Stop. Rotate back five degrees. 365 00:22:57,965 --> 00:23:00,827 I noticed on the left side of the video screen 366 00:23:00,931 --> 00:23:02,965 something that appeared to be orange, 367 00:23:03,068 --> 00:23:05,862 and I instructed the ROV operator to take a closer look at it. 368 00:23:07,310 --> 00:23:10,482 That's it. That's... that's it. Okay. 369 00:23:10,586 --> 00:23:12,448 Once we got over there, we realized that, "Yeah," 370 00:23:12,551 --> 00:23:15,275 that's... this, in fact, was the FDR. 371 00:23:15,379 --> 00:23:18,931 The plane's Flight Data Recorder has been found. 372 00:23:19,034 --> 00:23:21,103 All right. Good work, Joe. Let's get this up. 373 00:23:22,793 --> 00:23:25,344 We were very excited that we had seen 374 00:23:25,448 --> 00:23:27,862 and recovered one of the boxes. 375 00:23:28,827 --> 00:23:30,172 Investigators soon find 376 00:23:30,275 --> 00:23:32,482 the cockpit voice recorder nearby. 377 00:23:32,586 --> 00:23:33,724 All right. Stop! That's it. 378 00:23:37,862 --> 00:23:39,034 Their week is up. 379 00:23:39,137 --> 00:23:40,965 The salvage operation is over. 380 00:23:42,172 --> 00:23:43,862 Investigators now hope that they have 381 00:23:43,965 --> 00:23:46,517 all the clues they need to solve this accident. 382 00:23:47,862 --> 00:23:50,965 The black boxes is the only source 383 00:23:51,068 --> 00:23:53,724 for the evidence that we have 384 00:23:53,827 --> 00:23:56,344 because we don't have the wreckage, 385 00:23:56,448 --> 00:23:59,275 we don't have the witnesses. 386 00:24:00,896 --> 00:24:02,275 But the boxes have been lying 387 00:24:02,379 --> 00:24:04,793 on the bottom of the sea for almost eight months. 388 00:24:06,275 --> 00:24:09,000 They could be damaged beyond repair. 389 00:24:09,103 --> 00:24:11,896 They may not yield any information at all. 390 00:24:17,103 --> 00:24:20,310 The black boxes from Adam Air Flight 574 391 00:24:20,413 --> 00:24:22,655 are taken to the National Transportation Safety Board 392 00:24:22,758 --> 00:24:24,275 in Washington, D.C. 393 00:24:25,724 --> 00:24:28,310 Investigators think the labs there are the best bet 394 00:24:28,413 --> 00:24:30,275 at salvaging any possible information. 395 00:24:31,655 --> 00:24:33,896 If an FDR is found in salt water, 396 00:24:34,000 --> 00:24:36,482 it needs to be washed in fresh water 397 00:24:36,586 --> 00:24:38,413 and then contained in water 398 00:24:38,517 --> 00:24:40,551 the entire time until it makes it to our lab. 399 00:24:42,137 --> 00:24:43,586 Salt and air together 400 00:24:43,689 --> 00:24:46,275 create a chemical reaction that results in rust. 401 00:24:47,620 --> 00:24:48,689 The rust can damage 402 00:24:48,793 --> 00:24:50,827 the electronic components in the recorders. 403 00:24:52,965 --> 00:24:54,827 Keeping them submerged in freshwater 404 00:24:54,931 --> 00:24:56,310 delays that reaction. 405 00:24:59,172 --> 00:25:00,379 The importance of having the data 406 00:25:00,482 --> 00:25:03,448 depends on the circumstances of the accident. 407 00:25:03,551 --> 00:25:05,620 If you're able to recover wreckage, 408 00:25:05,724 --> 00:25:07,827 and other parts to investigate, 409 00:25:07,931 --> 00:25:11,379 then you don't necessarily need to rely on the data. 410 00:25:11,482 --> 00:25:13,689 For this particular accident, 411 00:25:13,793 --> 00:25:16,379 since the wreckage was going to stay at the bottom of the ocean, 412 00:25:16,482 --> 00:25:19,000 it was essential that we had data from the recorders. 413 00:25:21,310 --> 00:25:24,413 Frans Wenas also makes the trip to the United States. 414 00:25:36,724 --> 00:25:38,655 The FDR and the CVR, 415 00:25:38,758 --> 00:25:42,862 when they were recovered from the bottom of the sea, 416 00:25:42,965 --> 00:25:48,137 the cases were actually 50 to 60 percent damaged. 417 00:25:55,482 --> 00:25:59,793 We thought there might be an issue in recovering the data. 418 00:25:59,896 --> 00:26:03,310 It wasn't as damaged as many others we've seen. 419 00:26:03,413 --> 00:26:05,103 So we were fairly confident 420 00:26:05,206 --> 00:26:06,689 if there was data recorded, 421 00:26:06,793 --> 00:26:09,344 we would be able to get the data off. 422 00:26:09,448 --> 00:26:11,655 Technicians begin the painstaking process 423 00:26:11,758 --> 00:26:13,310 of retrieving the information. 424 00:26:14,827 --> 00:26:16,758 The job is a multinational effort. 425 00:26:18,482 --> 00:26:20,689 The Australian Transport Safety Bureau 426 00:26:20,793 --> 00:26:22,758 was requested to assist. 427 00:26:22,862 --> 00:26:24,482 We have an excellent relationship 428 00:26:24,586 --> 00:26:27,413 with the NTSB folk. 429 00:26:27,517 --> 00:26:30,172 And so our flight recorder specialist 430 00:26:30,275 --> 00:26:34,551 went to the United States and worked alongside the NTSB. 431 00:26:36,551 --> 00:26:38,724 The electronic components containing the data 432 00:26:38,827 --> 00:26:40,827 are carefully removed and dried. 433 00:26:46,724 --> 00:26:49,689 Then the information is uploaded onto a computer. 434 00:26:55,206 --> 00:26:56,413 As the delicate procedure 435 00:26:56,517 --> 00:26:59,137 of recovering the data from both recorders progresses, 436 00:27:00,862 --> 00:27:04,103 investigators are aware that they have an additional concern. 437 00:27:06,862 --> 00:27:08,896 One problem that we ran up against 438 00:27:09,000 --> 00:27:10,586 in this investigation is, 439 00:27:10,689 --> 00:27:12,206 the maintenance records indicated that 440 00:27:12,310 --> 00:27:13,862 the flight data recorder 441 00:27:13,965 --> 00:27:16,655 was written up as being inoperable 442 00:27:16,758 --> 00:27:19,034 in the weeks prior to the crash. 443 00:27:21,068 --> 00:27:23,241 We were concerned with that... 444 00:27:23,344 --> 00:27:25,448 in that if we found the FDR, 445 00:27:25,551 --> 00:27:27,206 it may not have recorded anything. 446 00:27:34,379 --> 00:27:36,793 Investigators keep their fingers crossed. 447 00:27:43,068 --> 00:27:45,000 We've got it all. It's all there. 448 00:27:50,689 --> 00:27:52,620 I was confident once we found out 449 00:27:52,724 --> 00:27:54,172 that we had 100% of the data, 450 00:27:54,275 --> 00:27:55,965 that we would be able to solve this accident. 451 00:27:59,551 --> 00:28:01,896 The two black boxes provide investigators 452 00:28:02,000 --> 00:28:03,620 with the first solid clues 453 00:28:03,724 --> 00:28:08,275 about why Flight 574 fell from the sky. 454 00:28:08,379 --> 00:28:11,206 Good afternoon, Departure. This is Adam 574. 455 00:28:11,310 --> 00:28:13,862 Now passing flight level two-two-zero, 456 00:28:13,965 --> 00:28:16,448 climbing to flight level three-three-zero. 457 00:28:16,551 --> 00:28:19,862 Roger, Adam 574, track direct to DIOLA. 458 00:28:19,965 --> 00:28:22,827 Confirmed. Tracking direct to DIOLA, Adam 574. 459 00:28:24,103 --> 00:28:25,448 The conversation in the cockpit 460 00:28:25,551 --> 00:28:27,724 tells investigators that the crew knew 461 00:28:27,827 --> 00:28:29,206 that the plane's navigation system 462 00:28:29,310 --> 00:28:30,551 was sending them off course... 463 00:28:31,931 --> 00:28:33,206 The IRS... 464 00:28:33,310 --> 00:28:34,862 Twenty-eight is the difference. 465 00:28:35,620 --> 00:28:36,620 They're drifting. 466 00:28:38,482 --> 00:28:40,034 ...and that they were preoccupied 467 00:28:40,137 --> 00:28:41,758 with fixing that problem. 468 00:28:41,862 --> 00:28:42,793 This is messed up. 469 00:28:45,724 --> 00:28:47,000 Where's Adam direct to? 470 00:28:49,724 --> 00:28:50,965 My God, he's flying north. 471 00:28:55,448 --> 00:28:58,413 Adam Air 574, maintain three-five-zero, 472 00:28:58,517 --> 00:29:00,344 direct to DIOLA. 473 00:29:00,448 --> 00:29:02,517 Confirmed. Flight level three-five-zero, 474 00:29:02,620 --> 00:29:04,310 direct to DIOLA, Adam 574. 475 00:29:05,620 --> 00:29:08,172 To get from one way point to the next, 476 00:29:08,275 --> 00:29:09,896 the flight computer always has to know 477 00:29:10,000 --> 00:29:11,655 the plane's exact location. 478 00:29:13,482 --> 00:29:16,827 That information comes from a component called the IRS, 479 00:29:16,931 --> 00:29:19,758 or inertial reference system. 480 00:29:19,862 --> 00:29:22,310 It tracks every adjustment to the plane's course 481 00:29:22,413 --> 00:29:24,931 to calculate its exact position. 482 00:29:25,034 --> 00:29:27,448 It then feeds that information to the autopilot. 483 00:29:29,034 --> 00:29:31,310 The autopilot needs to know, 484 00:29:31,413 --> 00:29:35,413 where the aircraft is and where it needs to go. 485 00:29:35,517 --> 00:29:38,275 Now the autopilot takes those data from the IRS 486 00:29:38,379 --> 00:29:40,862 in terms of height, heading, and speed. 487 00:29:43,448 --> 00:29:44,793 But for the system to keep track 488 00:29:44,896 --> 00:29:46,137 of the plane's heading, 489 00:29:46,241 --> 00:29:49,275 it has to know where the plane started. 490 00:29:49,379 --> 00:29:52,000 The IRS has to be calibrated before takeoff. 491 00:29:53,793 --> 00:29:56,517 Usually, the crew will enter the coordinates of the gate 492 00:29:56,620 --> 00:29:58,965 as the starting point for the computer to track. 493 00:30:02,379 --> 00:30:06,137 Investigators wonder if the IRS guided the plane off course 494 00:30:06,241 --> 00:30:08,482 because the wrong initial coordinates were entered. 495 00:30:11,724 --> 00:30:13,379 Frans, we just got this. 496 00:30:16,379 --> 00:30:18,344 They check this by looking at information 497 00:30:18,448 --> 00:30:21,241 from the flight data recorder. 498 00:30:21,344 --> 00:30:24,206 - The numbers are fine when they're on the ground. - Yes. Yes. 499 00:30:24,310 --> 00:30:27,241 The data confirms the IRS was calibrated 500 00:30:27,344 --> 00:30:30,241 before Adam Air Flight 574 took off. 501 00:30:31,517 --> 00:30:33,482 - This is where it begins. - That's right. 502 00:30:33,586 --> 00:30:34,689 But for some reason, 503 00:30:34,793 --> 00:30:37,275 the IRS began to send the plane off-course 504 00:30:37,379 --> 00:30:39,793 almost as soon as the flight got in the air. 505 00:30:39,896 --> 00:30:42,241 It just gets worse and worse. 506 00:30:43,551 --> 00:30:45,206 I have something else I'd like to show you. 507 00:30:45,310 --> 00:30:47,655 Its maintenance logs. 508 00:30:47,758 --> 00:30:50,379 Crookshanks and Wenas look at the maintenance history 509 00:30:50,482 --> 00:30:53,793 of the IRS system that was on board Flight 574. 510 00:30:55,344 --> 00:30:57,586 As you can tell, there's more than 100 write-ups here. 511 00:30:59,793 --> 00:31:00,758 Look at this. 512 00:31:04,517 --> 00:31:05,344 Same unit. 513 00:31:08,413 --> 00:31:09,931 Same problem. 514 00:31:10,034 --> 00:31:11,034 The history shows 515 00:31:11,137 --> 00:31:12,862 that there had been numerous complaints 516 00:31:12,965 --> 00:31:14,413 about the plane's navigation system 517 00:31:14,517 --> 00:31:15,793 over the past three months. 518 00:31:16,482 --> 00:31:17,965 Again and again. 519 00:31:18,068 --> 00:31:19,931 Investigators wonder why the airline 520 00:31:20,034 --> 00:31:22,413 didn't fix the problem. 521 00:31:22,517 --> 00:31:24,827 In the case of the IRS of this aircraft, you know, 522 00:31:24,931 --> 00:31:27,655 that unit should have been taken out 523 00:31:27,758 --> 00:31:29,793 and sent to maintenance for calibration or repairs. 524 00:31:35,310 --> 00:31:38,034 Investigators discover that when pilots complained 525 00:31:38,137 --> 00:31:39,931 about a faulty IRS unit, 526 00:31:40,034 --> 00:31:41,689 the airline didn't fix it properly. 527 00:31:44,068 --> 00:31:46,310 They would either swap it with a unit from another plane, 528 00:31:48,448 --> 00:31:50,379 or often, they would only do a basic cleaning 529 00:31:50,482 --> 00:31:51,793 of the malfunctioning unit. 530 00:31:59,724 --> 00:32:02,724 They just pull out the connectors, 531 00:32:02,827 --> 00:32:04,827 spray it with some lubricant cleaners, 532 00:32:05,586 --> 00:32:07,172 then put it back on. 533 00:32:07,275 --> 00:32:10,379 Did some ground tests, and then just put, 534 00:32:10,482 --> 00:32:12,379 "Ground test okay," on the maintenance log. 535 00:32:14,241 --> 00:32:17,689 Since the IRS is such a vital piece of equipment, 536 00:32:17,793 --> 00:32:21,000 this is contrary to all recommended repair policies. 537 00:32:22,655 --> 00:32:25,034 Investigators listen to the cockpit voice recorder... 538 00:32:26,482 --> 00:32:29,103 hoping to discover how the malfunctioning IRS 539 00:32:29,206 --> 00:32:30,655 contributed to the crash. 540 00:32:31,586 --> 00:32:33,275 This is crazy. 541 00:32:33,379 --> 00:32:35,068 We're going to get lost if it stays like this. 542 00:32:37,068 --> 00:32:39,034 Don't turn it. This is our heading. 543 00:32:39,137 --> 00:32:41,068 Pull up! Pull up! 544 00:32:43,034 --> 00:32:44,793 But nothing they hear leads them to believe 545 00:32:44,896 --> 00:32:47,068 that an IRS malfunction alone 546 00:32:47,172 --> 00:32:48,758 could have caused the plane to crash. 547 00:32:52,206 --> 00:32:53,758 You have a failure in one system of the airplane, 548 00:32:53,862 --> 00:32:55,379 it shouldn't cause an accident. 549 00:32:58,413 --> 00:33:01,413 Investigators now wonder if the severe storm 550 00:33:01,517 --> 00:33:03,413 Flight 574 flew into 551 00:33:03,517 --> 00:33:05,620 somehow played a role in this crash. 552 00:33:09,620 --> 00:33:11,034 This is messed up. 553 00:33:11,137 --> 00:33:12,379 This is really messed up. 554 00:33:13,551 --> 00:33:15,379 It's starting to fly like a bamboo ship. 555 00:33:18,379 --> 00:33:19,448 Confirm our position. 556 00:33:20,586 --> 00:33:21,965 Weather is a well-known cause 557 00:33:22,068 --> 00:33:23,206 of airline accidents. 558 00:33:26,103 --> 00:33:27,793 It can wreak havoc with the airplane 559 00:33:27,896 --> 00:33:29,379 and disorient pilots. 560 00:33:32,275 --> 00:33:35,655 In 1977, a Southern Airways DC-9 561 00:33:35,758 --> 00:33:38,862 flew into a violent storm near New Hope, Georgia. 562 00:33:38,965 --> 00:33:41,103 Our left engine just cut out. 563 00:33:41,206 --> 00:33:42,758 Hail clogged the engines. 564 00:33:42,862 --> 00:33:44,551 They tore themselves apart. 565 00:33:44,655 --> 00:33:46,000 Got the other engine going too. 566 00:33:46,103 --> 00:33:48,137 Brace for impact! 567 00:33:48,241 --> 00:33:49,931 The plane slammed into the small town... 568 00:33:52,793 --> 00:33:54,689 and 72 people were killed. 569 00:33:57,724 --> 00:33:58,724 In order to determine 570 00:33:58,827 --> 00:34:01,586 if weather was a factor in the Adam Air crash, 571 00:34:01,689 --> 00:34:03,724 investigators need a more complete picture 572 00:34:03,827 --> 00:34:05,448 of what happened on board the flight. 573 00:34:07,413 --> 00:34:09,724 They want to know everything the crew did and said 574 00:34:09,827 --> 00:34:12,413 from the time they discovered that they were off-course, 575 00:34:12,517 --> 00:34:13,724 to the time they hit the water. 576 00:34:16,206 --> 00:34:19,413 To do this, they combine the data from the two black boxes 577 00:34:19,517 --> 00:34:21,931 to create a computer simulation of the flight. 578 00:34:25,413 --> 00:34:28,517 That gives us fairly close to the possibility 579 00:34:28,620 --> 00:34:30,379 of what really happened with the aircraft. 580 00:34:39,896 --> 00:34:41,724 Investigators returned to Jakarta 581 00:34:41,827 --> 00:34:43,379 to study the simulation. 582 00:34:51,068 --> 00:34:52,724 The weather in Mike Kilo Sierra isn't good. 583 00:34:53,517 --> 00:34:55,103 This is crazy. 584 00:34:55,206 --> 00:34:56,965 We're going to get lost if it stays like this. 585 00:34:58,517 --> 00:35:00,862 They can see that throughout most of the flight, 586 00:35:00,965 --> 00:35:02,896 the computer was navigating the plane. 587 00:35:05,758 --> 00:35:06,896 But since the flight computer 588 00:35:07,000 --> 00:35:09,379 was sending the plane off-course, 589 00:35:09,482 --> 00:35:12,068 the captain decided to navigate the plane himself. 590 00:35:13,241 --> 00:35:15,724 Okay, put the IRS in attitude. 591 00:35:15,827 --> 00:35:18,551 Co-pilot Susanto switched the navigation system 592 00:35:18,655 --> 00:35:21,931 to a mode that would keep the plane flying straight and level. 593 00:35:22,034 --> 00:35:24,379 Captain Widodo could now change his course. 594 00:35:25,655 --> 00:35:28,655 This is where they switch from NAV to Attitude. 595 00:35:30,137 --> 00:35:32,137 Switching from one mode to the other 596 00:35:32,241 --> 00:35:33,862 forces some computerized gauges 597 00:35:33,965 --> 00:35:36,275 to temporarily go blank while they reset. 598 00:35:38,586 --> 00:35:41,620 One is the ADI, or artificial horizon, 599 00:35:41,724 --> 00:35:44,103 which tells the crew if the plane is flying level. 600 00:35:45,793 --> 00:35:49,000 ADI goes off and stays off. 601 00:35:49,103 --> 00:35:50,068 There was also another, 602 00:35:50,172 --> 00:35:52,689 much more serious consequence to the switch. 603 00:35:53,862 --> 00:35:55,724 That's when the plane starts its right roll. 604 00:35:57,448 --> 00:36:02,034 The autopilot disengaged when they consciously selected 605 00:36:02,137 --> 00:36:05,206 from the NAV mode to the attitude mode. 606 00:36:05,310 --> 00:36:07,620 And then the aircraft commenced 607 00:36:07,724 --> 00:36:11,793 an almost imperceptible roll to the right 608 00:36:11,896 --> 00:36:13,586 of around about one degree per second. 609 00:36:16,724 --> 00:36:18,793 The captain missed a crucial step 610 00:36:18,896 --> 00:36:20,137 when he switched his flight computer 611 00:36:20,241 --> 00:36:21,620 from one mode to the other. 612 00:36:21,724 --> 00:36:24,241 Quick reference sample, please. 613 00:36:24,344 --> 00:36:26,758 He should have flown his plane straight and level. 614 00:36:26,862 --> 00:36:29,000 while the computer adjusted to the new setting. 615 00:36:30,448 --> 00:36:34,137 "Maintain straight and level constant airspeed flight 616 00:36:34,241 --> 00:36:36,862 "until attitude displays recover. 617 00:36:36,965 --> 00:36:39,068 "Approximately 30 seconds." 618 00:36:40,344 --> 00:36:41,275 It's in the manual. 619 00:36:43,724 --> 00:36:46,758 Any pilot who is trained and qualified 620 00:36:46,862 --> 00:36:49,172 on a Boeing 737-400 621 00:36:49,275 --> 00:36:53,172 is regarded to have a sufficient knowledge 622 00:36:53,275 --> 00:36:57,655 that whenever they switch the NAV mode to attitude, 623 00:36:57,758 --> 00:36:59,413 they have to... 624 00:37:00,655 --> 00:37:02,482 maintain wings level for 30 seconds. 625 00:37:03,896 --> 00:37:05,724 But neither of the pilots did that. 626 00:37:07,344 --> 00:37:09,655 It's an oversight with grave consequences. 627 00:37:11,206 --> 00:37:14,896 Without that step, the autopilot disengages completely. 628 00:37:17,275 --> 00:37:19,206 The flight computer did send out a warning 629 00:37:19,310 --> 00:37:20,758 when that happened. 630 00:37:20,862 --> 00:37:22,758 But the warning was ignored. 631 00:37:22,862 --> 00:37:24,413 The crew didn't seem to notice 632 00:37:24,517 --> 00:37:26,896 that the auto pilot was no longer flying the plane. 633 00:37:29,310 --> 00:37:30,551 And it only took seconds 634 00:37:30,655 --> 00:37:33,172 for that to become a very serious problem. 635 00:37:35,724 --> 00:37:38,000 The data tells investigators that this plane 636 00:37:38,103 --> 00:37:40,655 had a natural tendency to roll to the right. 637 00:37:45,275 --> 00:37:48,379 Old planes, like old cars don't always go straight. 638 00:37:49,689 --> 00:37:50,827 Throughout the flight, 639 00:37:50,931 --> 00:37:52,517 the autopilot compensated for that 640 00:37:52,620 --> 00:37:55,275 by raising the aileron on the plane's left wing. 641 00:37:57,172 --> 00:37:59,793 An aileron is a moveable flap on the wing 642 00:37:59,896 --> 00:38:03,241 that controls how much the plane rolls to the left and right. 643 00:38:04,758 --> 00:38:06,862 But once the autopilot disengaged, 644 00:38:06,965 --> 00:38:08,379 it stopped compensating, 645 00:38:08,482 --> 00:38:10,551 and the ailerons went back to a neutral position. 646 00:38:14,689 --> 00:38:18,034 That allowed the plane to revert to its tendency to roll to the right. 647 00:38:22,482 --> 00:38:23,482 And they don't even notice. 648 00:38:24,862 --> 00:38:26,689 At this point, the plane was rolling 649 00:38:26,793 --> 00:38:28,758 at a rate of one degree per second. 650 00:38:30,068 --> 00:38:32,896 Focused on their faulty navigation system, 651 00:38:33,000 --> 00:38:35,517 and with thick clouds obscuring the horizon, 652 00:38:35,620 --> 00:38:39,482 the pilots had no idea that their plane was dipping. 653 00:38:39,586 --> 00:38:42,655 It's not uncommon for pilots to get disoriented in this way. 654 00:38:43,758 --> 00:38:46,068 Your body will start to fool you. 655 00:38:46,172 --> 00:38:47,724 Your senses will start sending you 656 00:38:47,827 --> 00:38:49,965 false information or false senses. 657 00:38:50,068 --> 00:38:52,172 You might think that you are actually going 658 00:38:52,275 --> 00:38:54,379 straight and level when you're actually rolling slowly 659 00:38:54,482 --> 00:38:55,379 to the right or to the left. 660 00:38:57,965 --> 00:39:00,931 The 737 is programmed to issue a warning 661 00:39:01,034 --> 00:39:03,413 when it rolls past 35 degrees. 662 00:39:03,517 --> 00:39:04,448 Bank angle. 663 00:39:05,103 --> 00:39:06,379 Bank angle. 664 00:39:06,482 --> 00:39:08,724 Bank angle. 665 00:39:08,827 --> 00:39:10,827 The Flight Data Recorder shows investigators 666 00:39:10,931 --> 00:39:12,620 that in response to that alert, 667 00:39:12,724 --> 00:39:15,448 Captain Widodo did attempt to level the plane. 668 00:39:17,206 --> 00:39:18,896 They get an aural warning from the airplane 669 00:39:19,000 --> 00:39:20,862 that says, "Hey, bank angle, bank angle," 670 00:39:21,448 --> 00:39:22,344 and at that point 671 00:39:23,275 --> 00:39:24,551 they made some small inputs 672 00:39:24,655 --> 00:39:26,137 to the controls, but they didn't... 673 00:39:26,241 --> 00:39:28,655 they didn't fly the airplane. 674 00:39:28,758 --> 00:39:31,551 Believing that the autopilot would keep the plane level, 675 00:39:31,655 --> 00:39:35,379 Widodo soon turned his attention back to the problematic IRS. 676 00:39:37,241 --> 00:39:38,448 When the pilot is engrossed 677 00:39:38,551 --> 00:39:40,655 with troubleshooting of the IRS, 678 00:39:40,758 --> 00:39:42,827 their ability to pay attention 679 00:39:42,931 --> 00:39:45,793 for the other tasks is reduced further. 680 00:39:47,103 --> 00:39:50,551 This IRS anomalies has become 681 00:39:51,793 --> 00:39:55,482 the only priority at the moment. 682 00:39:55,586 --> 00:39:58,000 Usually you would say one pilot deals with the system issue, 683 00:39:58,103 --> 00:39:59,655 the other pilot flies the airplane. 684 00:39:59,758 --> 00:40:02,379 They were both dealing with this system issue, 685 00:40:02,482 --> 00:40:04,241 and totally focused on the issue, 686 00:40:04,344 --> 00:40:06,482 so they never saw what was happening. 687 00:40:06,586 --> 00:40:09,413 This is not the first accident, uh, 688 00:40:09,517 --> 00:40:12,655 involving what we would call spatial disorientation. 689 00:40:15,551 --> 00:40:17,965 It was almost three years earlier to the day 690 00:40:18,068 --> 00:40:20,896 that another flight, Flash Airlines 604, 691 00:40:21,000 --> 00:40:23,862 taking off over the Red Sea had a similar fate. 692 00:40:25,655 --> 00:40:26,551 See what the aircraft just did? 693 00:40:28,482 --> 00:40:30,482 Distracted by a malfunctioning component 694 00:40:30,586 --> 00:40:33,517 in the cockpit, the captain may have become disoriented. 695 00:40:33,620 --> 00:40:36,379 Autopilot! Autopilot! 696 00:40:36,482 --> 00:40:38,620 Like the Adam Air flight, the captain's attention 697 00:40:38,724 --> 00:40:40,344 was focused on his flight computer. 698 00:40:41,551 --> 00:40:43,034 And like the Adam Air flight, 699 00:40:43,137 --> 00:40:45,862 his plane began rolling dangerously to the right. 700 00:40:48,758 --> 00:40:52,724 Investigators concluded that without any external references, 701 00:40:52,827 --> 00:40:54,758 the captain simply couldn't tell 702 00:40:54,862 --> 00:40:56,448 that his plane was falling from the sky. 703 00:41:03,310 --> 00:41:05,241 Tragically, um, 704 00:41:05,344 --> 00:41:07,379 just because a, uh, 705 00:41:07,482 --> 00:41:10,586 there is an initial reference system failure 706 00:41:10,689 --> 00:41:12,827 or, let's say, in another accident, 707 00:41:12,931 --> 00:41:15,517 there might be an engine failure, 708 00:41:15,620 --> 00:41:18,551 uh, does not mean that an aircraft has to crash. 709 00:41:20,275 --> 00:41:23,724 It's 60 degrees now, and there's no attempt at recovery. 710 00:41:23,827 --> 00:41:26,137 Don't turn it! This is our heading. 711 00:41:26,241 --> 00:41:28,206 - Pull up! Pull up! - Pull up. 712 00:41:32,931 --> 00:41:34,275 Investigators can see 713 00:41:34,379 --> 00:41:36,689 that when Captain Widodo does take action, 714 00:41:36,793 --> 00:41:39,137 he makes the situation much worse. 715 00:41:41,448 --> 00:41:44,310 With his plane still banked drastically to the right, 716 00:41:44,413 --> 00:41:46,551 Captain Widodo should have leveled his wings, 717 00:41:46,655 --> 00:41:47,793 and then pulled his nose up. 718 00:41:47,896 --> 00:41:49,172 No! 719 00:41:49,275 --> 00:41:50,551 He did the opposite. 720 00:41:52,413 --> 00:41:54,482 He began pulling back on his control column 721 00:41:54,586 --> 00:41:57,034 before his wings were level. 722 00:41:57,137 --> 00:42:00,241 That forced the plane into a tight spiral dive. 723 00:42:03,379 --> 00:42:04,793 Basically it rolled 724 00:42:04,896 --> 00:42:07,896 and it just kept rolling until it almost went inverted 725 00:42:08,000 --> 00:42:09,448 and... and just fell. 726 00:42:09,551 --> 00:42:10,517 It kind of fell out of the sky 727 00:42:10,620 --> 00:42:13,413 once it got to a point where it wasn't 728 00:42:13,517 --> 00:42:15,344 flying like a normal airplane should. 729 00:42:15,448 --> 00:42:19,620 The aircraft was descending at nearly 900 kms an hour, 730 00:42:20,482 --> 00:42:22,896 uh, at a vertical speed, at times 731 00:42:23,000 --> 00:42:26,206 reaching in excess of 21,000 feet per minute. 732 00:42:27,620 --> 00:42:29,551 That's almost the speed of sound 733 00:42:29,655 --> 00:42:32,931 and more than 150 kms an hour faster 734 00:42:33,034 --> 00:42:36,137 than this plane was designed to withstand. 735 00:42:36,241 --> 00:42:38,448 - Pull up. - It's rolling over rapid descent. 736 00:42:38,551 --> 00:42:39,413 Pull up. 737 00:42:41,275 --> 00:42:44,379 - Pull up. - They can't recover now. 738 00:42:44,482 --> 00:42:48,758 At that speed, the plane is no longer able to hold itself together. 739 00:42:48,862 --> 00:42:50,344 And that sound... 740 00:42:54,241 --> 00:42:56,137 That's the sound of the plane coming apart. 741 00:43:04,034 --> 00:43:05,482 The black boxes have revealed 742 00:43:05,586 --> 00:43:07,862 how Flight 574 crashed. 743 00:43:09,068 --> 00:43:11,965 But they also raise crucial questions. 744 00:43:12,068 --> 00:43:13,482 It's just one error after another. 745 00:43:14,758 --> 00:43:16,793 There was ample opportunity, 746 00:43:16,896 --> 00:43:20,379 ample time for the pilots to correct the situation. 747 00:43:23,379 --> 00:43:26,068 The investigators have come to a disturbing conclusion. 748 00:43:29,793 --> 00:43:33,172 The only mechanical failure was with the plane's navigation system. 749 00:43:34,896 --> 00:43:36,655 And that shouldn't have caused the crash. 750 00:43:39,344 --> 00:43:41,620 The more significant failures were human. 751 00:43:42,517 --> 00:43:44,000 Okay, put the IRS in Attitude. 752 00:43:47,551 --> 00:43:48,758 Bank angle! 753 00:43:48,862 --> 00:43:50,689 But why should qualified pilots 754 00:43:50,793 --> 00:43:52,344 make these disastrous mistakes? 755 00:43:53,413 --> 00:43:55,034 Don't turn it! This is our heading! 756 00:43:57,689 --> 00:43:59,172 To find these answers, 757 00:43:59,275 --> 00:44:02,068 investigators must look at the airline itself. 758 00:44:03,379 --> 00:44:06,103 This one accident will raise serious questions 759 00:44:06,206 --> 00:44:09,206 about Indonesia's entire aviation industry. 760 00:44:15,689 --> 00:44:17,413 The investigators turn their attention 761 00:44:17,517 --> 00:44:21,000 from the actions of the pilots on Flight 574 762 00:44:21,103 --> 00:44:23,793 to the airline that employed them, Adam Air. 763 00:44:26,586 --> 00:44:27,827 They meet with the owners. 764 00:44:27,931 --> 00:44:28,793 Frans Wenas. 765 00:44:30,206 --> 00:44:32,827 Adam Air was founded in 2002 766 00:44:32,931 --> 00:44:35,310 by a wealthy businesswoman named Sandra Ang. 767 00:44:37,413 --> 00:44:40,655 Ang named the airline after her son, Adam, 768 00:44:40,758 --> 00:44:43,172 whom she also appointed as the company's president. 769 00:44:45,310 --> 00:44:47,931 We need to know more about your training program. 770 00:44:50,482 --> 00:44:53,000 The investigators interview Adam Air pilots. 771 00:44:54,068 --> 00:44:57,586 Did the airline provide any training 772 00:44:57,689 --> 00:45:01,172 on recovery procedures in the event of an IRS failure? 773 00:45:04,172 --> 00:45:05,344 No? 774 00:45:05,448 --> 00:45:07,137 They want to find out more about 775 00:45:07,241 --> 00:45:09,689 how the airline trained its flight crews. 776 00:45:09,793 --> 00:45:11,689 What about recovery techniques? 777 00:45:12,413 --> 00:45:14,103 IRS troubleshooting? 778 00:45:14,827 --> 00:45:15,655 No? 779 00:45:16,931 --> 00:45:19,586 What they uncover is disturbing. 780 00:45:19,689 --> 00:45:21,758 We could not find any evidence 781 00:45:21,862 --> 00:45:23,241 that the pilot 782 00:45:24,068 --> 00:45:25,758 was properly trained 783 00:45:25,862 --> 00:45:29,448 when they have a sudden disengaging autopilot, 784 00:45:29,551 --> 00:45:33,103 or when they're flying with the IRS failure. 785 00:45:34,517 --> 00:45:37,103 Thank you, gentlemen, for your time. 786 00:45:42,896 --> 00:45:44,344 As they dig deeper, 787 00:45:44,448 --> 00:45:47,517 investigators find an airline plagued with safety issues. 788 00:45:49,758 --> 00:45:52,103 Eleven months before the Adam Air crash 789 00:45:52,206 --> 00:45:54,413 in February 2006, 790 00:45:54,517 --> 00:45:57,379 another Adam Air plane, Flight 782 791 00:45:57,482 --> 00:46:00,551 flew off-course the same way as Flight 574. 792 00:46:03,137 --> 00:46:07,206 That crew was also getting faulty navigation data, 793 00:46:07,310 --> 00:46:09,724 but they couldn't even reach controllers on the radio. 794 00:46:10,931 --> 00:46:13,379 They couldn't get directions. 795 00:46:13,482 --> 00:46:15,241 They were badly lost for three hours. 796 00:46:17,689 --> 00:46:19,827 The crew was trying to find where they were, 797 00:46:19,931 --> 00:46:21,620 the ATC was trying to find where they were, 798 00:46:22,586 --> 00:46:24,620 and they were over the water. 799 00:46:26,448 --> 00:46:30,068 Like Flight 574, they had a malfunctioning IRS. 800 00:46:32,689 --> 00:46:33,965 In the end, the plane landed 801 00:46:34,068 --> 00:46:37,206 almost 500 kms south of where it should have been. 802 00:46:39,689 --> 00:46:42,586 They just continued until they found an island 803 00:46:42,689 --> 00:46:44,689 and it had an airport. And then they said, "Okay, we have to land there, 804 00:46:44,793 --> 00:46:46,586 "otherwise we don't know where we're gonna go." 805 00:46:46,689 --> 00:46:47,931 And they landed, and they didn't know 806 00:46:48,034 --> 00:46:49,551 exactly where they were until they landed. 807 00:46:50,793 --> 00:46:53,517 Six months after Flight 574, 808 00:46:53,620 --> 00:46:56,448 the European Commission banned all Indonesian airlines 809 00:46:56,551 --> 00:46:57,413 from flying to Europe. 810 00:46:59,034 --> 00:47:02,206 That sent a very strong message to the whole world that we, 811 00:47:02,310 --> 00:47:04,896 the European Union, believe 812 00:47:05,000 --> 00:47:07,206 that all Indonesian airlines are unsafe, 813 00:47:07,310 --> 00:47:08,344 and you should not fly on them. 814 00:47:09,586 --> 00:47:11,896 Then, in March 2008, 815 00:47:12,000 --> 00:47:14,344 there's another accident involving Adam Air, 816 00:47:15,413 --> 00:47:18,310 this time in the city of Batam. 817 00:47:18,413 --> 00:47:20,068 The airplane slewed off the runway, 818 00:47:20,172 --> 00:47:22,241 came to rest on the side. 819 00:47:22,344 --> 00:47:24,896 The evacuation was a bit strange. 820 00:47:25,000 --> 00:47:26,827 No slides were deployed, 821 00:47:26,931 --> 00:47:28,931 and that was the final accident. 822 00:47:29,034 --> 00:47:30,344 And after that, I think everybody said 823 00:47:30,448 --> 00:47:31,586 "Enough is enough," you know? 824 00:47:31,689 --> 00:47:33,413 People who did care, people who were wanting 825 00:47:33,517 --> 00:47:35,137 to shake up the industry, 826 00:47:35,241 --> 00:47:37,172 and reform it and improve it, 827 00:47:37,275 --> 00:47:39,724 were horrified that the situation 828 00:47:39,827 --> 00:47:42,379 had been so bad within Adam Air, 829 00:47:42,482 --> 00:47:44,862 and that the authorities had allowed 830 00:47:44,965 --> 00:47:48,172 such a situation to continue and deteriorate. 831 00:47:50,482 --> 00:47:52,793 Immediately after the crash in Batam, 832 00:47:52,896 --> 00:47:55,103 the Indonesian government suspended, and then 833 00:47:55,206 --> 00:47:58,310 ultimately revoked Adam Air's license to operate. 834 00:48:01,068 --> 00:48:02,517 It is also apparent that Adam Air 835 00:48:02,620 --> 00:48:05,310 isn't the only Indonesian airline with problems. 836 00:48:07,517 --> 00:48:08,620 Prior to the Adam Air crash, 837 00:48:08,724 --> 00:48:11,000 Indonesia experienced a bad crash 838 00:48:11,103 --> 00:48:13,758 about every year to 18 months. 839 00:48:13,862 --> 00:48:16,517 Many of those accidents involved the discount carriers 840 00:48:16,620 --> 00:48:18,551 that the government had allowed to thrive. 841 00:48:20,655 --> 00:48:22,724 More than 50 such airlines were in operation 842 00:48:22,827 --> 00:48:24,689 at the time of the Adam Air crash. 843 00:48:26,448 --> 00:48:27,965 The problem, though, was that 844 00:48:28,068 --> 00:48:29,344 this expansion occurred in a way 845 00:48:29,448 --> 00:48:30,793 that was not properly monitored, 846 00:48:30,896 --> 00:48:33,000 not properly regulated by the government. 847 00:48:33,103 --> 00:48:35,689 Thousands and thousands of people are being employed 848 00:48:35,793 --> 00:48:38,413 to work for airlines when they just 849 00:48:38,517 --> 00:48:39,827 don't have the experience to do so, 850 00:48:39,931 --> 00:48:41,862 and are not being adequately trained, 851 00:48:41,965 --> 00:48:45,689 as the investigation report into the Adam Air crash demonstrated. 852 00:48:47,000 --> 00:48:48,724 Indonesia's poor safety record 853 00:48:48,827 --> 00:48:51,000 forces the government to take steps to improve 854 00:48:51,103 --> 00:48:53,241 airline safety throughout the country. 855 00:48:55,103 --> 00:48:57,620 It begins rating airlines on safety, 856 00:48:57,724 --> 00:48:59,551 and grounds those that don't comply. 857 00:49:02,793 --> 00:49:04,689 There have been fewer fatal incidents 858 00:49:04,793 --> 00:49:05,931 since the reforms. 859 00:49:08,689 --> 00:49:11,413 But a year and a half after it was put in place, 860 00:49:11,517 --> 00:49:12,827 the European Union's ban 861 00:49:12,931 --> 00:49:15,275 on Indonesian airlines was still in effect. 862 00:49:19,620 --> 00:49:21,586 Those familiar with Indonesian aviation 863 00:49:21,689 --> 00:49:25,034 think the reforms could go even further. 864 00:49:25,137 --> 00:49:27,793 So that we have no Adam Airs, we have no more companies that 865 00:49:27,896 --> 00:49:29,965 that cut costs too much. 866 00:49:30,068 --> 00:49:33,517 And gives all these extra risks to the public, 867 00:49:33,620 --> 00:49:35,551 because, that's not what the public should receive. 868 00:49:35,655 --> 00:49:37,379 The public should receive 869 00:49:37,482 --> 00:49:39,965 a reliable and safe means of air transportation.